Thank you. That particular study has two types of expenditures--direct payments to immigrants and immigrant households. so it includes sometimes U.S. citizen children. and indirect attributive costs which are the general expenses by the government divided by the number of households in the United States. The study is actually dominated by the general government expenditures component of those costs. So. In other words. you take the government expenditures. you divide it by the number of households. and then you take that number. And that number is a large number right now because we have high levels of expenditures relative to tax collections. That is why it is driven by our fiscal state as a Federal Government. as opposed to simply the behavior of the immigrants. The direct payments are an important component. but they are actually dominated by and outweighed by the general expenditures share. which is interesting. but I think it overstates the interest of that particular number that you have cited. It is not irrelevant. Chairman SPECTER. The President of the Dominican Republic was very interested in the money coming back to the Dominican Republic. The estimates are the immigrants in the United States send home about $39 billion a year in remittances. So on one hand. there is a concern about what that does to our economy. That purchasing power is not being used in the United States.
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