Not Like Us
Overview
Groups
Primary Groups
Immigrants General
(61,456)
Refugees
(26,364)
Undocumented Immigrants
(24,742)
Specific Other
(15,367)
Jewish
(9,798)
Naturalized Citizens
(4,730)
Chinese
(3,964)
Mexican
(3,212)
Asian
(1,959)
European
(1,765)
Italian
(1,620)
Latin American
(1,577)
Irish
(1,237)
Polish
(960)
German
(936)
African
(308)
Middle Eastern
(275)
Slavic
(230)
Subgroups
Soviet Jew
(4,972)
Cuban
(1,602)
Dreamer
(1,473)
Haitian
(931)
Armenian
(930)
Vietnamese
(819)
Japanese
(803)
Lithuanian
(766)
Hispanic
(725)
Afghan
(597)
Syrian
(520)
Greek
(491)
Arab
(464)
Hungarian
(461)
Greek Cypriot
(448)
Ukrainian
(400)
Palestinian
(376)
Cambodian
(350)
Indochinese
(341)
Filipino
(340)
Salvadoran
(290)
Iraqi
(254)
Russian
(222)
Korean
(193)
Baltic
(181)
Hmong
(174)
Nicaraguan
(170)
Kurdish
(162)
Romanian
(157)
Lebanese
(140)
North Korean
(139)
Indian
(131)
Estonian
(128)
Iranian
(124)
Puerto Rican
(124)
Venezuelan
(124)
Portuguese
(113)
Syrian Jew
(111)
South Vietnamese
(109)
Liberian
(108)
Muslim
(108)
Kosovar
(104)
Norwegian
(99)
Bosnian
(96)
Burmese
(89)
Southeast Asian
(87)
Sudanese
(86)
Tibetan
(83)
Asian Pacific
(81)
Canadian
(77)
Ethiopian Jew
(77)
Somali
(66)
Catholic
(59)
Guatemalan
(57)
Framing
Legal / procedural
(91,251)
Humanitarian
(47,828)
Economic contributor
(25,398)
Security threat
(22,599)
Victim
(21,777)
Economic threat
(20,945)
Cultural enrichment
(9,497)
Family values
(9,239)
Criminal
(9,020)
Cultural threat
(4,151)
Sessions
#43 · 1873–75
(276)
#44 · 1875–77
(254)
#45 · 1877–79
(371)
#46 · 1879–81
(464)
#47 · 1881–83
(996)
#48 · 1883–85
(390)
#49 · 1885–87
(290)
#50 · 1887–89
(906)
#51 · 1889–91
(738)
#52 · 1891–93
(487)
#53 · 1893–95
(917)
#54 · 1895–97
(593)
#55 · 1897–99
(538)
#56 · 1899–1901
(364)
#57 · 1901–03
(956)
#58 · 1903–05
(302)
#59 · 1905–07
(1,072)
#60 · 1907–09
(487)
#61 · 1909–11
(529)
#62 · 1911–13
(1,146)
#63 · 1913–15
(1,859)
#64 · 1915–17
(1,164)
#65 · 1917–19
(680)
#66 · 1919–21
(1,225)
#67 · 1921–23
(1,151)
#68 · 1923–25
(1,840)
#69 · 1925–27
(635)
#70 · 1927–29
(672)
#71 · 1929–31
(1,438)
#72 · 1931–33
(581)
#73 · 1933–35
(344)
#74 · 1935–37
(777)
#75 · 1937–39
(615)
#76 · 1939–41
(1,261)
#77 · 1941–43
(584)
#78 · 1943–45
(794)
#79 · 1945–47
(732)
#80 · 1947–49
(1,077)
#81 · 1949–51
(1,755)
#82 · 1951–53
(1,689)
#83 · 1953–55
(1,641)
#84 · 1955–57
(1,708)
#85 · 1957–59
(1,820)
#86 · 1959–61
(1,545)
#87 · 1961–63
(2,336)
#88 · 1963–65
(2,059)
#89 · 1965–67
(3,161)
#90 · 1967–69
(1,787)
#91 · 1969–71
(1,792)
#92 · 1971–73
(2,776)
#93 · 1973–75
(2,774)
#94 · 1975–77
(3,086)
#95 · 1977–79
(2,721)
#96 · 1979–81
(3,989)
#97 · 1981–83
(4,175)
#98 · 1983–85
(4,887)
#99 · 1985–87
(5,354)
#100 · 1987–89
(4,367)
#101 · 1989–91
(4,111)
#102 · 1991–93
(3,660)
#103 · 1993–95
(4,209)
#104 · 1995–97
(4,940)
#105 · 1997–99
(3,732)
#106 · 1999–2001
(3,976)
#107 · 2001–03
(3,933)
#108 · 2003–05
(4,003)
#109 · 2005–07
(7,964)
#110 · 2007–09
(6,134)
#111 · 2009–11
(3,741)
#112 · 2011–13
(2,900)
#113 · 2013–15
(6,775)
#114 · 2015–17
(4,334)
#115 · 2017–19
(5,797)
#116 · 2019–21
(4,468)
#117 · 2021–23
(4,025)
#118 · 2023–25
(5,213)
Speakers
Narratives
States
Alabama
(3,760)
Alaska
(378)
American Samoa
(74)
Arizona
(2,729)
Arkansas
(815)
California
(13,255)
Colorado
(3,292)
Connecticut
(2,166)
Delaware
(777)
District of Columbia
(91)
Florida
(5,115)
Georgia
(2,255)
Guam
(150)
Hawaii
(1,141)
Idaho
(911)
Illinois
(7,813)
Indiana
(1,829)
Iowa
(3,082)
Kansas
(1,441)
Kentucky
(2,186)
Louisiana
(1,479)
Maine
(866)
Maryland
(2,484)
Massachusetts
(6,706)
Michigan
(3,502)
Minnesota
(3,036)
Mississippi
(1,472)
Missouri
(1,897)
Montana
(695)
Nebraska
(979)
Nevada
(1,790)
New Hampshire
(1,052)
New Jersey
(3,880)
New Mexico
(1,249)
New York
(12,775)
North Carolina
(2,171)
North Dakota
(1,049)
Ohio
(3,811)
Oklahoma
(1,167)
Oregon
(1,805)
Pennsylvania
(4,319)
Puerto Rico
(71)
Rhode Island
(1,258)
South Carolina
(1,456)
South Dakota
(948)
Tennessee
(2,003)
Texas
(10,502)
Utah
(1,745)
Vermont
(2,096)
Virgin Islands
(108)
Virginia
(1,659)
Washington
(2,095)
West Virginia
(1,376)
Wisconsin
(2,820)
Wyoming
(1,634)
About
State
Texas
10,502 immigration mentions from TX legislators across 76 sessions
← Overview
Sentiment over time
Negative and positive sentiment % among immigration mentions from Texas legislators
Smooth
Stereotyping rate
Share of immigration mentions flagged for stereotyping, from Texas legislators
Smooth
Target groups over time
Most-referenced immigrant groups by Texas legislators, per session
Smooth
Immigrants General
Undocumented Immigrants
Refugees
Mexican
Specific Other
Naturalized Citizens
Jewish
Latin American
Chinese
Asian
European
German
Middle Eastern
African
Italian
Irish
Polish
Slavic
Framing categories over time
Rhetorical framing of immigration mentions from Texas legislators
Smooth
Legal / procedural
Security threat
Humanitarian
Economic threat
Criminal
Economic contributor
Victim
Family values
Cultural threat
Cultural enrichment
historical_context
economic_development
historical
economic_issue
community
Mention volume
Total immigration mentions from Texas legislators, per session