Target Group

Filipino

340 mentions across 52 congressional sessions
Includes mentions classified as: filipino aliens, filipino american, filipino american community, filipino americans, filipino citizens, filipino community, filipino family, filipino immigrant, filipino immigrants, filipino laborers, filipino man, filipino nationals, filipino people, filipino refugees, filipino students, filipino veterans, filipinos

Partisan sentiment over time

Share of filipino mentions by sentiment, per session — stratified by party

Partisan stereotyping rate

Share of filipino mentions flagged as stereotyping, stratified by party

Framing categories over time

Share of filipino mentions by rhetorical framing, per congressional session

Legal / procedural Economic contributor Economic threat Humanitarian Family values Cultural enrichment

Mentions over time

Filipino mentions per 1,000 speeches analyzed, per session — stacked by party

Geographic distribution

Total filipino mentions by state, 1873–2025

All mentions

Every classified paragraph mentioning filipino across all sessions (340 total)

Filter:
Text excerpt Session Classification Framing Speaker