Target Group

Polish

1,061 mentions across 60 congressional sessions

Partisan sentiment over time

Share of polish mentions by sentiment, per session — stratified by party

Partisan stereotyping rate

Share of polish mentions flagged as stereotyping, stratified by party

Framing categories over time

Share of polish mentions by rhetorical framing, per congressional session

Cultural enrichment Economic contributor Family values Humanitarian Legal / procedural Victim

Mentions over time

Polish mentions per 1,000 speeches analyzed, per session — stacked by party

Geographic distribution

Total polish mentions by state, 1873–2025

All mentions

Every classified paragraph mentioning polish across all sessions (1,061 total)

Filter:
Text excerpt Session Classification Framing Speaker