Target Group

Catholic

59 mentions across 33 congressional sessions
Includes mentions classified as: byzantine rite catholics, catholic church, catholic immigrants, catholic italian community, catholic italian immigrants, catholic refugees, catholics from europe, catholics in mexico, chinese catholics, french canadian catholics, french catholic inhabitants, german catholic immigrants, irish catholic, irish catholic immigrants, irish catholic mother, irish catholic national, irish catholic population, irish catholics, irishcatholic immigrants, italian catholics, italian roman catholics, latinrite catholics, lithuanian catholics, polish catholic immigrants, polish speaking catholics, roman catholics, slovak catholics, ukrainian catholics, ukrainian greek catholic, ukrainian greek catholics

Partisan sentiment over time

Share of catholic mentions by sentiment, per session — stratified by party

Partisan stereotyping rate

Share of catholic mentions flagged as stereotyping, stratified by party

Framing categories over time

Share of catholic mentions by rhetorical framing, per congressional session

Cultural enrichment Humanitarian Victim Cultural threat Legal / procedural Family values

Mentions over time

Catholic mentions per 1,000 speeches analyzed, per session — stacked by party

Geographic distribution

Total catholic mentions by state, 1873–2025

All mentions

Every classified paragraph mentioning catholic across all sessions (59 total)

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Text excerpt Session Classification Framing Speaker