Target Group

Arab

464 mentions across 32 congressional sessions
Includes mentions classified as: arab american, arab american community, arab americans, arab immigrant, arab immigrant population, arab immigrants, arab laborer, arab nationals, arab refugee, arab refugee population, arab refugees, arab students, arabs

Partisan sentiment over time

Share of arab mentions by sentiment, per session — stratified by party

Partisan stereotyping rate

Share of arab mentions flagged as stereotyping, stratified by party

Framing categories over time

Share of arab mentions by rhetorical framing, per congressional session

Humanitarian Legal / procedural Security threat Economic contributor Victim Economic threat

Mentions over time

Arab mentions per 1,000 speeches analyzed, per session — stacked by party

Geographic distribution

Total arab mentions by state, 1873–2025

All mentions

Every classified paragraph mentioning arab across all sessions (464 total)

Filter:
Text excerpt Session Classification Framing Speaker