British troops next seized and occupied the extensive estate of another New York signer. William Floyd. His wife and children were able to escape across Long Island Sound to Connecticut. but they lived as refugees for seven years without income. When they eventually came home they found it a completely devastated ruin "despoiled of almost everything but the naked soil." Another New York signer. Philip Livingston. had built up an immense fortune in the import business and had much property In New York City. All of it was seized and Livingstons town house in New York City and his country estate in Brooklyn Heights were confiscated. The Livingston family was driven out and became homeless refugees. Livingston. himself. continued to sell off his remaining property In an effort to maintain United States credit. Livingston died just two years later.
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refugees