The United States adheres to a 3mile territorial sea. In addition. the baseline is the line from which the boundaries of any contiguous zone is measured. Article 24 of the convention recognizes the establishment of contiguous zones which may extend up to 12 miles beyond the baseline for customs. fiscal. immigration or sanitary regulations. The United States established. by an act of Congress in 1935. a 12mile contiguous zone for purposes of customs and fiscal regulation. Moreover. under the same 1935 act. the President has authority to establish customs enforcement areas up to 50 nautical miles beyond the 12mile custom zones to prevent the unlawful introduction of merchandise or persons into the country.
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immigration