They made their living buying surplus butter all over the Continent. refreshIng it by a simple churning process. and exporting the revived product. One of the firms belonged to Anton Jurgens and his sons. Jan. Arnold. and Henry. devout Catholics. the other to Simon Van den Bergh. a pious. kind. philoprogenitive.Jew who. when he got rich. spent great sums in helping refugees from the Russian pogroms flee .to America. Then. in 1870. came the FrancoPrussian War. which caught France short. among other things. of butter. But Napoleon III had anticipated the shortage. and before the war had commissioned a chemist named MtgeMourlez to experiment on a substitute.
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refugees