Mr. President. it is a plea against them. if anything. When the Senator was outand I ask the pardon of the Chair for repeating this so oftenI explained that the effect of the section would be to permit ships under the Japanese or the Chinese flag to use crews made up entirely of coolies. whereas the European ship or the American ship could not have a single coolie or lascar in its crew. The net result will be that the operating cost of the Chinese or Japanese ship will be about onethird that of the European or American ship. and inevitably the American ship will be driven off the ocean. and European ships will be driven out of trade to the United States. We are going to see not only the Pacific business but the Atlantic business carried in ships flying the Japanese or Chinese flag.
Identified stereotypes
Generalization about Chinese and Japanese laborers ('coolies') as being universally employable on ships and undercutting American labor.