Session #62 · 1911–13

Speech #620115394

For :1.0 years the American Federation of Labor and organized labor in general. including the railroad brotherhoods. have been petitioning Congress to enact this very illiteracy test amendmuent. The last resolution that I have before me patssed by the Anmerican Federation of Labor is the one of 1909. It is very short and very strong: Whereas the illiteracy test is the most practical means for restricting the present stimulated influx of cheap labor. whose competition is so ruinous to the workers already here. whether native or foreign born: Resolved by the Amcrican Federation of Labor in twentyninth anaual convention assembled. That we demand the enactment of the illiteracy test. the money test. an increased head tax. and the abolition of the distribution bureau. The head of that organization. Mr.
Identified stereotypes
Generalizing about immigrants as 'cheap labor' that is ruinous to workers.
Keywords matched
head tax foreign born

Classification

Target group
Sentiment
Negative
Stereotyping
⚠️ Yes
Confidence
95%
Model
gemini-2.0-flash
Framing
Economic threat

Speaker & context

Speaker
FURNIFOLD SIMMONS
Party
D
Chamber
S
State
NC
Gender
M
Date
Speech ID
620115394
Paragraph
#1
← Prev Next →