I shall hereafter allude to these decisions in another connection as sustaining the views here contended for. This amendment was proposed by the next Congress after that which proposed the thirteenth. and with that amendment and its peculiar language before them. and so was adopted by the States. In it were used the words. "All persons born or naturalized in the United States." without any words. like those in the thirteenth. showing that it was to have any wider application than to the States united under the Constitution. and the words "citizens of the United States and of the States wherein they reside" were used without any words suggesting that any persons are citizens of the United States within the meaning of the Constitution except as they are such by having been citizens of one of the States. or by being made such by operation of the laws of Congress. The words "and subject to the jurisdiction thereof" were evidently intended. as has been held by the Supreme Court (United States vs. Wong Kim Ark. 169 U.
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