His movement began in 1964 as a humble yet bold student group organized to march on the Soviet Mission to the United Nations. Over the years. the group conducted rallies in New York and Washington. circulated petitions. and used every possible means to keep world attention on the plight of the Soviet Jews. This social activism snowballed into the solidarity marches of the 1970s that gathered millions of individuals to fight for the cause. Birnbaum also worked with the authors of the historic JacksonVanik amendment to help free Soviet Jews looking to emigrate. In this way. he helped to elevate the movement so that the U.S. Federal Government had to pay attention and to act.
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emigrate