If this were a criminal proceeding. there is no doubt that there would be a requirement of confrontation under the U.S. Constitution. But deportation proceedings are classified as civil proceedings. But notwithttanding the classification of deportation proceedings as civil. the courts have also said that there has to be due process even in a civil proceeding. It is entirely possible when this provision is reviewed in court that it may be determined that due process will require confrontation just as the due process clause of the 14th amendment is applicable. The States picks up the requirement of confrontation applicable to the Federal Government in a criminal proceeding.
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deportation