Jr.. a volunteer who was crippled for life by a shoulder wound sustained in a battle at Goliad in October 1835. After 1836. under a provision in the Republic of Texas Constitution. free blacks who wanted to move here had to appeal to the Republics Congress for permission. As a result of limitations on black immigration. the free black population of Texas declined from 397 in 1850 to 355 in 1860. In the days before the Civil Warin which about 5.000 blacks served in the U.S. Army and Navy. some commanding units60 to 70 percent of the black populations achieved literacy. despite the fact that only 20 black students in 1850 and 11 in 1860 could find teachers to educate them.
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immigration