Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066. Shortly afterward. all American citizens of Japanese descent were barred from living. working. or traveling on the west coast. The same exclusion applied to a whole generation of Japanese immigrants residing at that time in the United States who. because of Federal law. were not permitted to become U.S. citizens. After the initial plan for "voluntary" exclusion failed. these American citizens or legal residents were forcibly removed by the Army. first to assembly centers"-makeshift quarters in fairgrounds and racetracksand then to "relocation centers." These latter camps. located in desolate western areas. were surrounded by barbed wire and guarded by military police. The U.S.
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immigrants