Walter Lippmann. the dean of American social commentators then and for decades thereafter. joined in the demand for mass evacuation. The idea was also supported at the time by such liberal intellectual journals as the Nation. the New Republic. and the extraliberal but shortlived New York newspaper. PM. On February 19. 1942. President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066. which set in motion the evacuation program. It applied to all Japanese. citizens and noncitizens alike. in the three Western States and a portion of Arizona. Altogether some 110.000 were relocated. of whom more that 70.000 were American citizens by birth. the remainder were not able to become citizens under the laws then prevailing. Of course the relocation was unjust.
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noncitizens