The second test is. of course. derived from the 14th amendment which was proposed on June 13. 1866. by the first Republican Congress after the Civil War. The amendment took effect on July 28. 1868. It provides. in section 1. that: All persons born or naturalized in the United States. and subject to the jurisdiction thereof. are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States. nor shall any State deprive any person of life. liberty. or property without due process of law. nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. This historic amendment prohibits discrimination or segregation which is supported by State action.
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naturalized