The power of Congress to legislate on immigration stems from the sovereign authority of the United States as a Nation. it also stems from the constitutional power to regulate migration of people. also from the power under the Constitution to regulate commerce with foreign nations. Every sovereign nation has power. inherent in sovereignty and essential to selfpreservation. to forbid entrance of foreigners within its dominions. or to admit them only in such cases and upon such conditions as it may see fit to prescribe. Congress may exclude aliens altogether or prescribe terms and conditions upon which they may come into or remain in this country. The power and authority of the United States. as an attribute of sovereignty. either to prohibit or regulate immigration of aliens are plenary and Congress may choose such agencies as it pleases to carry out whatever policy or rule of exclusion it may adopt. and. so long as such agencies do not transcend limits of authority or abuse discretion reposed in them. their judgment Is not open to challenge or review by courts. It has been settled by repeated decision. that Congress has power to exclude any and all aliens from the United States. to prescribe the terms and conditions on which they may come in or on which they remain after having been admitted. to establish the regulations for deporting such aliens as have entered in violation of law or who are here in violation of law. and to commit the enforcing of such laws and regulations to executive officers.
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