We are making history to determine whether or not the Congress of the United States has authority to subpena witnesses before one of its established committees and to receive evidence in conformity with that subpena. Basically and fundamentally. that Is the primary issue we are asking you to decide today. We are not asking you to decide or to pass :final judgment upon the activities of the Joint AntiFascist Refugee Committee. because quite obviously the House Committee on UnAmerican Activities is not able today to give you the complete picture of their activities since they have by stealth and deception concealed their books and records from the Congress. the country. and the committee. I think when the gentleman from New York [Mr. CELLERI mentioned Abraham Lincoln he added one too many witnesses to his list because the words of Abraham Lincoln himself would come back to plague the gentleman from New York. Abraham Lincoln it was who said. you will recall. "You can fool some of the people all of the time. and you can fool all of the people some of the time. but you cannot fool all of the people all of the time." I think the Joint AntiFascist Refugee Committee is about to learn that it cannot fool all of rhe Congress and all of the country all of the time by its secret and nefarious activities which it studiously and stubbornly refuses to reveal for public inspection.