In my judgment that agreement hasalways been without legal or binding force. However. atleast two Presidents have recognized -it as valid. and one of them has called it a treaty. Congress has twice -ecognized it. and a sovereign State has submitted to it as the supreme law of the land. in addition. it has been in operation between two great countries for some 15.years. during which It has regulated the immigration from Japan to the United States. Manifestly. then. it is possible that the President might. without consulting Congress or even the Senate. naugurate a system of immigration regulation according to his own will. Because that has been done in a very vital immigration connection and a precedent thereby set. it is more apt to be done again. Under such a system neither Congress nor the Sentate *would have any voice hi immigration regulation. It is now being urged that the Congress is bound by It. A member of this commlittee. in his study of lis questin. referred to several able. gentlemen the -brief or snutement on certain phases of this problem which the writer prepared for the -use of the committee.
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immigration