President. to incorporate them in what I have to say. In Russia a "certificate of good character" Is required from every applicant for a foreign passport. and under the Russian law no one may leave the Empire without such a passport. It is therefore clear that the Russian Government does issue "certificates of good character" to prospective emigrants. There are numerous other cases where the Russian law requires the production of a "certificate of good character." Such certificates are issued by the police and may be denied in its discretion. The substance of the certificate is that the bearer has not been convicted of any crime. Under the antiquated Russian law such certificate could be denied to many persons innocent of any offense involving moral turpitude. Section 1171 of the Russian Penal Code reads as follows: .ews convicted of engaging in any mercantile pursuit except that which is allowed to them in specific cases provided by law. outside the pale assigned to them for permanent settlement. shall be sentenced to confiscation of their merchandise and immediate deportation. There are a series of decisions of the supreme court of the Empire (the cassation departments of the governing senate) which illustrate the character of the offenses coining within the purview of this section. In re Mandelstamm. which was No. 731 of the decisions rendered in 1S74. it was held that a Jewish artisan is allowed to sell only the products of his own manufacture. but not the products of other factories than his own.
Keywords matched
deportation emigrants