J. Lauck. a member. I believe. of the Immigration Commission. then it is highly important that the Senate should be in possession of the information sought to be obtained by this resolution. not only for the purpose of enabling us intelligently to legislate upon the tariff schedules that affect wool and woolens. but also for the purpose of enabling us to decide intelligently the question of whether our immigration laws ought to be so amended as to prescribe additional tests for the purpose of excluding undesirable foreigners. I want to read briefly from the article written by this authority. I said a little while ago he is a member of the Immigration Commission. He. together with Prof. Jenks. another member of the Immigration Commission. has written a book upon the subject investigated by that commission. which I have been reading. and which I find to be full of very valuable information. This article appeared in the last issue of the Survey. I will not read all of it. but only a part. It says: The Lawrence labor troubles have also been of unusual interest. for the reason that the industry around which they have centered Is one of the chief beneficiaries of our protective system. The argument has long been made that the woolen and worsted goods manufacturing Industry needed a high tariff in order to protect its wage earners from the products of the pauper labor of Europe. The recent development at Lawrence. however. has disclosed the fact that the socalled American wage earner. whose standard of living. It is claimed. must be upheld )y the tariff. is largely a myth. and that In reality the American woolenmill operatives are made up of " pauper workmen " of almost half a hundred of the immigrant races from the south and east of Europe and from Asia. As a matter of fact. the term American wage earner is a misnomer. and in no industrial locality is this better Illustrated than in Lawrence. the principal center of our worstedgoods mills. According to the last census this important textile manufacturing city had a population of 85.000. made up of the various races. as follows. I will not read the table. but I will ask that it be incorporated with my remarks. It shows that of the 85.000 population in the city of Lawrence. Mass.. only 12.000 are Americans. the balance being foreigners. and a large part of them being immigrants of recent arrival in this country from southern and eastern Europe. English ---------------------------------------------9. 000 FrenchCanadian -------------------------------------12.000 Polish --------------------------------------------------- 2. 100 Hebrew ---------------------------------------------2. 500 Syrian--------------------------------------------------- 2. 700 Lithuanian -----------------------------------------------3. 000 American -------------------------------------------------12.000 Irish ----------------------------------------------------21.000 Scotch ----------------------------------------------------2. o German -------------------------------------------------- 6. 500 Portuguese ----------------------------------------------- 700 Italian -------------------------------------------------- 8. 000 Armenian ------------------------------------------------ 600 FrancoBelgian --------------------------1200 Other races ---------------------------------------------- 1.400 Complete total -------------------- 5.000 The numerical importance of the Polish. Portuguese.
Identified stereotypes
Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe are described as 'pauper workmen' who undermine the wages of American workers.