From 1870 to 1890. you will remember. we built railroads simply for the sake of building railroads. We threw. sometimes in a single year. many thousands of miles of railroad across the most fertile land on the face of the globe. land that was uninhabited. Railroads went in advance of civilization. and in order to get business they sent their agents all over Europe stimulating immigration. and it so happened that the financial and commercial depression from 1873 to 1878 threw hundreds of thousands of men out of employment in the East. and they found places upon the western farms. We had brought under cultivation. and their produce thrown upon our markets almost. as It were. in a day. great and fertile States of this Union. and in order to permit the farmers to live the railroads gave them unnaturally low rates to the markets of the country and to those abroad. It was said by Prof.
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immigration