Thus in Wong Wing v. United States (163 U. S.. 228) the Supreme Court while recognizing its previous decisions as to the conclusive effect of decisions of the officers charged with the duty of enforcing the Chinese exclusion acts. refused to extend the doctrine of these cases to an order of such officer committing one adjudged by him to have been guilty of a violation of the act to prison for a period of sixty days. although such order was authorized by the provisions of the act. After referring to previous decisions of the court in which it had been determined that the deportation of aliens not entitled to be in the country did not constitute a deprivation of life. liberty. or property. Mr. Justice Shiras. who delivered the opinion of the court. said: No limits can be put by the courts upon the power ofCongress to protect. by summary methods. the country from the advent of aliens whose race or habits render them undesirable as citizens. or to expel such if they have already found their way into our land and unlawfully remain therein.
Identified stereotypes
Generalization that Chinese people's race or habits make them undesirable citizens.