I have sat here and listened to these amendments offered one after the other to the bill as reported out of the committee. and I wish now to enter my protest against all of them which tend to make the provisions of this bill more restrictive than they now are. The situation is simply this in a nutshell: This bill came before the committee and was carefully considered. and on one point we were entirely agreed. That was upon the exclusion of Chinese coolies seeking to come into this country as laborers. Then we came to the other question. as to how far the other classes of the Chinese should be excluded or allowed to enter this country. To a certain extent the sentiments of the committee were unanimous on that point that it was for the benefit of our country that free access should be given to the educated and commercial classes of China. in order to develop that trade which we all hope is going to grow out of the changed conditions in China and in the East.