Section 12 of the act referred to (which will be found on pages 117 and 118 of the statutes of the first session of the Fortyeighth Congress) provides as follows: No Chinese person shall be permitted to enter the United States by land without producing to the proper officer of customs the certificate in this act required of Chinese persons certified to land from a vessel. and any Chinese person found unlawfully within the United States shall be caused to be removed therefrom to the country from whence he came and at the cost of the United States. after being brought before some justice. judge. or commissioner of a court of the United States. and found to be not lawfully entitled to beor remain in the United States. * * * This law was approved on thekth of July. 1884. and at the date of its approval it was thought it uld be as effective in preventing the incoming of Chinese cooly lab as this character of legislation can be. Subsequently the Canadian parliament passed an act from which I read an extract. as follows: 4. Subject to the provisions of section 1. of this act every person of Chinese origin shall pay into the consolidated revenue fund of Canada. on entering Canada. at the port or other place of entry. the sum of $0. except the following persons. who shall be exempt from such payment. that is to say. first. the members of the diplomatic corps or other government representatives and their suite and their servants. consuls. and consular agents. and second. tourists. merchants. men ofseience. and students. who are bearers of certificates of identity. specifying their occupation and their object in coming into Canada. or other similar documents issued by the Chinese Government or other government whose subjects they are. and every such certificate or other document shall be in the English or French language. and shall be examined and indorsed (visa) by a British consul or charg6 daffaires or other accredited representative of her majesty at the place where the same is granted. or at the port or place of departure. but nothing in this act shall be construed as embracing within the meaning of the word "merchant" any huckster. peddler. or person engaged In taking or drying or otherwise preserving shell or other fish for home consumption or exportation. Mr. Chairman.